New Delhi, May 27 (UNI) The Supreme Court on Tuesday issued notice in a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) filed by Nikhil Upadhyay, son of Advocate Ashwini Upadhyay, challenging the constitutional validity of several provisions of the Waqf Act, 1995, as amended by the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025.
The Court agreed to treat the matter as an Interlocutory Application (IA) and tagged it with a previously filed similar petition.
A bench, comprising Chief Justice of India (CJI) Justice B R Gavai, along with Justice J B Pardiwala and Manoj Misra, heard the matter and sought a response from the Union government.
At the outset, CJI Gavai asked Advocate Upadhyay, "Why are you challenging a 1995 Act in 2025?"
Adv Upadhyay responded, "This Court is hearing challenges to the Places of Worship Act, 1991 and the Minorities Act."
Additional Solicitor General Aishwarya Bhati then clarified, "He is challenging the provisions earlier to the 2025 Act."
She further stated, "If your Lordships want to tag it with the earlier petition, I will not object. But the present round relating to the 2025 Act, your Lordships have not taken anyone yet."
CJI Gavai inquired, "That Vishnu Shankar Jain matter?"
ASG Bhati, "That’s right, My Lords."
CJI, "We will tag it along with that."
The Court then directed, "Issue notice. Tag with connected matter."
The PIL challenges the constitutional validity of provisions under Sections 3(r), 4, 5, 6(1), 7(1), 8, 28, 29, 33, 36, 41, 52, 83, 85, 89, and 101 of the Waqf Act, 1995.
The petition contends that the Waqf Act is discriminatory as it governs only Muslim religious properties, while no similar legislative framework exists for other religious communities including Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, Christians, Jews, Baháʼís and Zoroastrians.
According to the plea, “Waqf is not mentioned in the Constitution. If the Act seeks to uphold Articles 25–26, it must align with Articles 14–15. If enacted under Entries 10 and 28 of the Concurrent List, it must be gender-neutral and religion-neutral.
If it seeks to protect minority rights under Articles 29–30, then it must include all religious minorities.”
The PIL also questions the legal basis of vast property claims by Waqf Boards, alleging that many are made without proper documentation or due process. It asserts that such practices infringe on the rights of non-Muslim citizens under Articles 25, 26, 29, and 300A of the Constitution.
The plea seeks uniform treatment of religious endowments across communities and the repeal of what it terms “arbitrary and religion-specific provisions.”
The matter will now be heard along with the previously filed petition by Advocate Vishnu Shankar Jain.
UNI SNG SS