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IIT-M develops new biosensor platform to test pregnant women for Pre-eclampsia

Chennai, Apr 28 (UNI) An Indian Institute of Technology Madras -led multi-institute Research Team has developed a new biosensor platform that can test pregnant women for Pre-eclampsia.
The researchers have come together to develop a Point-of-Care (PoC) testing using fiber optics sensor technology as a possible alternative to existing technologies.
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a life-threatening complication that occurs during pregnancy, affecting a large number of pregnant women and newborns worldwide. Rapid, on-site and affordable screening of this complication at an early stage is necessary to ensure timely treatment and minimize both maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality rates.
The usual method to detect pre-eclampsia is time-consuming, requiring huge infrastructure and trained personnel, which makes this test mostly inaccessible to remote areas and resource-limited settings.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for an easily accessible, point-of-care testing device with ‘3S’ features (Sensitivity, Specificity and Speed) for the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia.
The Research Team comprised Prof. V.V. Raghavendra Sai and Dr. Ratan Kumar Chaudhary, Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, IIT Madras, Dr. Narayanan Madaboosi, Department of Biotechnology, IIT Madras, Dr. Jitendra Satija, Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Dr. Balaji Nandagopal and Dr. Ramprasad Srinivasan, Sri Sakthi Amma Institute of Biomedical Research, Sri Narayani Hospital & Research Centre, Vellore.
The findings of this research were published in the reputed journal Biosensors and Bio electronics,
a release from IIT-Madras said on Monday.
Prof. Raghavendra Sai said, “Placental growth factor (PlGF) is an angiogenic blood biomarker used for pre-eclampsia diagnosis. Herein, we have established the Plasmonic Fiber Optic Absorbance Biosensor (P-FAB) technology for detecting PlGF at femtomolar level using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based U-bent polymeric optical fiber (POF) sensor probes.”
To detect pre-eclampsia, tests using ‘PlGF’ biomarker are widely in use. This is because this biomarker peaks at 28 to 32 weeks in normal pregnancy but in the case of women with
pre-eclampsia, it decreases by 2 to 3 times after 28 weeks of pregnancy.
The POF sensor probes developed by this Research Team could measure PlGF within 30 minutes using the P-FAB strategy. The clinical sample testing confirmed the accuracy, reliability, specificity, and sensitivity of the P-FAB based POF sensor platform, thereby paving the way for cost-effective technology for PlGF detection and its potential for pre-eclampsia diagnosis.
He sid “The biosensor platform developed by the research team is simple and reliable, paving the way for affordable diagnosis. It can also lead to increasing the test coverage of Placental growth factor (PlGF) biomarker tests, thereby resulting in a potential for a significant impact on the management of pre-eclampsia and towards reduction in the global burden of mortality and morbidity from pre-eclampsia.”
Elaborating on when this technology could reach field implementation, Dr. Narayanan Madaboosi, DBT Ramalingaswami, Re-Entry Fellow, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, IIT Madras, said, “This technology for pre-eclampsia detection has systematically traversed the required validation stages, ranging from analytical through bioanalytical until clinical evaluation, thereby advancing via the associated Technology Readiness Levels (TRL).
Further large scale patient sample analysis across diverse clinical settings with this validated biosensor, together with robust prototyping, would enable and smoothen its potential Tech Transfer and subsequent commercialisation in the near- and mid-term future, respectively.”
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